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Home arrow FAQs arrow CISCO IOS - Using Help
CISCO IOS - Using Help PDF Print E-mail
Written by Chris Ghokasian   
Monday, 28 August 2006

Learning To Use Context Sensitive Help

There are always times when even the most Expert Networking person
needs to bring back to mind one of those 10,001 arcane commands
that are always the exact one you need and can't remember.

For us poor Mortals we can rejoice in the fact that the Cisco IOS
has a very good "HELP" function built into it.

It is called Context Sensitive Help

"Help" means that it actually provides some assistance.

means that the commands it offers you
change with the "context" or basically "what you are trying to do".

A more scientific description would be:

Where you are currently in the Router Command Shell

In other words, a person in User Exec mode would only see a few commands.

A person in Privileged (Enable) Mode would see lots more command options.

In the Global Prompt Router# you would see "Global Commands"

If you drop down into Config-t you'd see "Configuration Commands"

And so on, etc. and the like...

 

Secrets of Using HELP!

Using the Help function is as easy as typing in a Question Mark.

?

 

There are 3 main uses of the Question Mark.

1. If you type in a "?" at a Router prompt,
the Help function gives you a list of all the commands you can use from that Prompt.

2. If you type in a command, a Space, and then a Question Mark (?)
The Cisco IOS will try and give you options you can use with that command.

3. If you type in the first few letters of a command and a Question Mark
the IOS will give you a list of Commands that start with those letters.
(please note there is No Space between the letters and the ? - Important!)

 

 

 

Using HELP to make a Banner

Telling you how "Context Sensitive Help" works is nice,
but a simple example of how to use it should make it clearer.

A Banner is simply a message that pops up on the screen
it is related to the old UNIX "Message of the Day" or MOTD.

In order to set a Banner you have to be in Router Config mode.

Let's start out at the User Exec prompt and look for "Configure"
(remember that User Exec is limited and has No Privileges!)

Router>? (here is where you type in the Question Mark)
Exec commands:

access-enable
clear
connect
disconnect
disable
enable
exit
help
lat
lock
login
logout
Create a temporary Access-List entry
Reset functions
Open a terminal connection
Disconnect an existing network connection
Turn off privileged commands
Turn on privileged commands
Exit from the EXEC
Description of the interactive help system
Open a lat connection
Lock the terminal
Log in as a particular user
Exit from the EXEC
--more--

Here you will note two things:

1. There is no "Configure" command listed for User Exec Mode
(Like we said, you can't do much as a poor ordinary User!)

2. There is an "Enable" command to get you into Enable Mode. (Privileged!)

3. The list ends up with the word "--more--"
Which simply means that there are more commands not yet listed.
If you press the "Return" key you'll get another screenful of commands,
but since they are in alphabetical order,
you already know "Configure" is not an available command.

Anyway, let's take the hint and get into Enable Mode.

Router> (type in the command enable)

Router# (note again that the Prompt sign changes to a # symbol)

Now let's see what new and different commands are available!

Router# Type in a ?

Router#?
Exec commands:

access-enable
access-template
bfe
clear
clock
configure
connect
copy
debug
disable
disconnect
enable
erase
exit
help
Create a temporary Access-List entry
Create a temporary Access-List entry
For manual emergency modem setting
Reset functions
Manage the system clock
Enter configuration mode
Open a terminal connection
Copy configuration or image date
Debugging functions (see also "undebug")
Turn off privileged commands
Disconnect an existing network connection
Turn on privileged commands
Erase flash or configuration memory
Exit from the EXEC
Description of the interactive help system
--more--

Notice that in the Priveleged (Enable) Mode you have different commands.
From here it is possible to enter the Global command configure
and begin to actually change the configuration of your router!

Just to show more of the Help functions, how about we type in:

configure (space) ? (the empty space is Very Important!)

Router# (type in configure ? here)

This will give us a list of the "Options" for the configure command.

Router#configure ?

Memory
Network
Terminal

This gives us the 3 choices of places to load a configuration from.
Mostly we've just been using the Terminal, since we are doing setup,
but we'll later show you how to use the Network or Memory to load Configs.

In order to properly configure your Router's various Elements
it is good to get familiar with what they are and how you can show them.
So next let's take a closer look at our Router's Elements
using the all-important "Show" commands.

Last Updated ( Monday, 28 August 2006 )
 
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© 2010 chrisghokasian.com